MHRA Alert – GLP-1 Receptor Agonists: Side Effects and Misuse Risk

Key Safety Reminder for GLP-1 Receptor Agonists

The MHRA has issued a reminder for healthcare professionals regarding glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs). This update emphasises the importance of patient counselling on potential side effects and highlights emerging concerns around misuse of these medications.

What You Need to Know

GLP-1RAs are widely prescribed for type 2 diabetes and, increasingly, for weight management in eligible patients. However, healthcare professionals should ensure patients are fully informed about:

• Common side effects: Gastrointestinal symptoms including nausea, vomiting, diarrhoea, and constipation are frequently reported, particularly during dose escalation.
• Serious adverse effects: Pancreatitis, thyroid concerns, and acute kidney injury have been documented and require careful patient monitoring.
• Misuse risk: Off-label use for cosmetic weight loss in non-diabetic individuals is increasing, often without appropriate medical supervision or monitoring.

Recommended Actions

• Ensure comprehensive patient counselling before initiating GLP-1RA therapy, covering both common and serious side effects.
• Reinforce the importance of reporting adverse events promptly.
• Be alert to signs of misuse or off-label acquisition, particularly in non-clinical settings.
• Monitor patients regularly for emerging safety signals.
• Review patient information leaflets with patients to support informed decision-making.

Affected Medications

This alert applies to all GLP-1 receptor agonists, including semaglutide, dulaglutide, liraglutide, tirzepatide, and others in this class.

Further Information

For the full MHRA drug safety update, visit the MHRA website.